What is an if-else Statement?

An if-else statement allows us to handle both possibilities:

  • If the condition is true, run the if block
  • Else, run the else block

It is used when we want to choose between two paths.

Syntax:

if condition:
    # block if true
else:
    # block if false

Note: Indentation is important in Python!

Example 1: Even or Odd Number

num = 7
if num % 2 == 0:
    print("Even number")
else:
    print("Odd number")

Output:

Odd number

Explanation:

Here, the number num is 7.

The if checks if num divided by 2 gives remainder 0 (meaning even).

Since 7 is not divisible by 2, the condition is false.

So, the else part runs and prints "Odd number".

Example 2: Check Pass or Fail

marks = 45
if marks >= 40:
    print("Pass")
else:
    print("Fail")

Output:

Pass

Explanation:

Here, marks are 45.

The if checks if marks are 40 or more.

Since 45 is greater than 40, the condition is true.

So, it prints "Pass".

Flow of Execution:

  • First, the condition is checked.
  • If it is True, the if-block runs.
  • If it is False, the else-block runs.

Where is it Used?

  • When we need two-way decisions.
  • To check login access (Correct → allow, Incorrect → deny).
  • To determine discount eligibility (If amount > 500 → apply discount).

Summary

  • if-else handles two possibilities: true and false.
  • Syntax must follow indentation rules, which means using proper spaces or tabs at the start of lines to show which code belongs together.
  • Used for decision making in real-life logic & programs.

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